The purpose of this research study is to put into practice a new surgical technique that will allow for better control of an externally powered artificial arm.  The surgical technique involves grafting some of the amputated nerves to muscles in the arm so that these muscles will contract when the subject thinks about using their amputated hand.  Electric signals from these muscles can then be used to control the artificial hand.  In this way the subject will be able to control both an artificial hand and elbow at the same time with the muscles in their residual arm. 

• Ages between 20-70 years old
• Amputation to arm must have been recent (at least within the last 12 months